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The motion of a particle is described by the equation, x=4sin2t, y=4cos2t and z=6t. Find the equation of velocity and acceleration of the particle.

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The motion of the particle is described by the three equations, 

x=4\sin{2t} ,

y=4\cos{2t}

and z=6t

So the displacement of the particle can be written as,

\vec{r}=x\hat{i}+y\hat{j}+z\hat{k}

or,\ \vec{r}= 4\sin{2t}\hat{i}+4\cos{2t}\hat{j}+6t\hat{k}

where, \hat{i} , \hat{j} and \hat{k} are the unit vectors in three dimensional Cartesian co-ordinate system along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis respectively.

Again the velocity is the time derivative of the displacement vector, so the velocity is given by,

\displaystyle{\vec{v}=\frac{d\vec{r}}{dt}}

or,\ \displaystyle{\vec{v}=\frac{d}{dt}[4\sin{2t}\hat{i}+4\cos{2t}\hat{j}+6t\hat{k}]}

or,\ \vec{v}=4(\cos{2t})\times{2}\hat{i}+4(-\sin{2t})\times{2}\hat{j}+6\hat{k}

or,\ \vec{v}=8\cos{2t}\hat{i}-8\sin{2t}\hat{j}+6\hat{k}

So the magnitude of the velocity is

v=|\vec{v}|=\sqrt{8^2{\cos}^2{2t}+8^2{\sin}^2{2t}+6^2}

or,\ v=\sqrt{8^2({\cos}^2{2t}+{\sin}^2{2t})+6^2}

or,\ v=\sqrt{8^2+6^2}

or,\ v=\sqrt{100}=10\ m/sec

Now the acceleration is given by,

\vec{a}=\frac{d\vec{v}}{dt}

or,\ \vec{a}=\frac{d}{dt}[8\cos{2t}\hat{i}-8\sin{2t}\hat{j}+6\hat{k}]

or,\ \vec{a}=8(-\sin{2t})\times{2}\hat{i}-8(\cos{2t})\times{2}\hat{j}

or,\ \vec{a}=-16\sin{2t}\hat{i}-16\cos{2t}\hat{j}

So the magnitude of the acceleration is given by,

a=|\vec{a}|=\sqrt{16^2{\sin}^2{2t}+16^2{\cos}^2{2t}}

or,\ a=\sqrt{16^2({\sin}^2{2t}+{\cos}^2{2t})}=\sqrt{16^2}

or,\ a=16\ m/{sec}^2

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